{"id":2746,"date":"2020-08-14T09:52:18","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T13:52:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/?p=2746"},"modified":"2020-08-15T07:56:16","modified_gmt":"2020-08-15T11:56:16","slug":"space-policy-directives-executive-orders-and-follow-through-on-faa-streamlining-rulemaking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/index.php\/2020\/08\/14\/space-policy-directives-executive-orders-and-follow-through-on-faa-streamlining-rulemaking\/","title":{"rendered":"Space Policy Directives, Executive Orders, and Follow Through on FAA &#8220;Streamlining&#8221; Rulemaking"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>FAA rulemaking<\/strong>.\u00a0 By now* the FAA&#8217;s draft final rule for streamlining its space transportation regulations should be coming under review&#8211;if it hasn&#8217;t already&#8211;in the White House&#8217;s Office of Management and Budget (OMB).\u00a0 OMB reviews significant rulemakings.<\/p>\n<p>In May, President Trump signed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2020-05-22\/pdf\/2020-11301.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an Executive Order<\/a> telling agencies to rescind or modify regulations that may inhibit the country&#8217;s economic recovery from the coronavirus lockdowns.\u00a0 The President&#8217;s Space Policy Directives (SPDs) from earlier in his term say something similar, but more explicitly, for space regulation.\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/space-policy-directive-2-streamlining-regulations-commercial-use-space\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SPD-2<\/a> on Streamlining Regulations came out in May 2018 and was rapidly followed that June by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/space-policy-directive-3-national-space-traffic-management-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SPD-3<\/a>.\u00a0 Like the broader Executive Order from this May, the 2018 SPD-3 seeks to reduce regulatory burdens.\u00a0 To foster continued growth and innovation in the U.S. commercial space sector, \u201cthe U.S. Government should streamline processes and reduce regulatory burdens that could inhibit commercial sector growth and innovation.&#8221;\u00a0 SPD-2 directed that &#8220;regulations adopted and enforced by the executive branch promote economic growth; minimize uncertainty for taxpayers, investors, and private industry; protect national security, public-safety, and foreign policy interests; and encourage American leadership in space commerce.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The FAA&#8217;s rulemaking is thus supposed to&#8211;in relevant part&#8211;streamline processes and minimize uncertainty.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Waxing philosophical<\/strong>.\u00a0 We know that when Congress, the public, or regulatory agencies get all concerned about an issue, they do what they are charged with doing and what is easy.\u00a0 They write more laws.\u00a0 They write more regulations.\u00a0 The President may sign an executive order or issue a policy directive.<\/p>\n<p>But what is just as important as writing down that which is good, and prohibiting that which is bad, is the follow through.\u00a0 Most people are in favor of goodness.\u00a0 A majority are against badness.\u00a0 The question is what does one do about it? Does any follow through ensure agency compliance?\u00a0 Will OMB&#8211;perhaps with input from the National Space Council&#8211;ensure that the FAA&#8217;s streamlining rule satisfies the Space Policy Directives and the recent Executive Order?<\/p>\n<p><strong>ELV rules for RLVS<\/strong>? The FAA&#8217;s &#8220;streamlining&#8221; regulation was supposed to streamline by turning its prescriptive rules into <a href=\"https:\/\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/index.php\/2017\/03\/25\/demonstrating-compliance-with-a-performance-standard\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">performance-based requirements<\/a> that would encompass both expendable and reusable vehicles.\u00a0 Instead, the FAA proposed something akin to requiring that all its existing requirements apply to everyone.\u00a0 Will OMB review industry comments raising these concerns?\u00a0 Will OMB allow the FAA to impose requirements designed for expendable launch vehicles on reusable launch vehicles?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Performance based regulations<\/strong>.\u00a0 Will OMB make sure that the FAA&#8217;s final rule is more performance based? SPD-2 asked for performance-based regulations.\u00a0 However, rather than always articulating a performance requirement, the FAA many times proposed to reserve to the FAA&#8217;s Administrator the ability to accept \u201cother safeguards\u201d without sharing the criteria by which the Administrator would judge those other safeguards.\u00a0 That is not a performance requirement.\u00a0 It&#8217;s a mystery.\u00a0 The FAA should have proposed the criteria for acceptability of other safeguards as the currently undisclosed performance requirements.<\/p>\n<p><strong>FAA orbital regulation<\/strong>.\u00a0 A final example of something OMB should oversee is the FAA&#8217;s attempt to get its nose under the tent of regulating on orbit.\u00a0 In the NPRM, the FAA proposes to require information about encryption for satellites on orbit, raising the question of whether this request for information is actually a disguised requirement and whether the FAA has exceeded the authority Congress granted it.<\/p>\n<p>The FAA should not start down the road to subtly but effectively imposing requirements on payload operators over whom it does not have authority.\u00a0 Although couched as an information requirement, if the FAA uses a payload operator\u2019s lack of encryption to stop a launch, the FAA is effectively requiring the operator to employ encryption on orbit.<\/p>\n<p>If the FAA does not expect to do anything about the encryption information, then the proposed new burden appears to have no point.\u00a0 If the FAA would do something about a satellite operator\u2019s encryption plans, the FAA may be attempting to regulate on orbit.\u00a0 The genuine and sincere interest of NASA and the Department of Defense in encryption information is not a grant of Congressional authority.\u00a0 Legislative authority does not come from NASA or DOD, but from Congress.<\/p>\n<p>There are two other agencies who regulate satellites on orbit, the FCC and NOAA.\u00a0 If they have the authority to request information about encryption, NASA and DOD should make their requests of them.\u00a0 If they do not, NASA and DOD should raise their concerns with Congress.\u00a0 For more information on the statutory requirements and legislative history of this issue see <a href=\"https:\/\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/20\/would-sort-of-requiring-satellite-encryption-fall-outside-the-faas-authority\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"918\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/index.php\/2017\/10\/30\/space-policy-proposal-trump-administration-part-1\/screen-shot-2017-10-30-at-10-48-12-am\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Screen-Shot-2017-10-30-at-10.48.12-AM.png?fit=177%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"177,177\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Screen Shot 2017-10-30 at 10.48.12 AM\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Screen-Shot-2017-10-30-at-10.48.12-AM.png?fit=177%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Screen-Shot-2017-10-30-at-10.48.12-AM.png?fit=177%2C177&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-918 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Screen-Shot-2017-10-30-at-10.48.12-AM.png?resize=135%2C135&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"135\" height=\"135\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Screen-Shot-2017-10-30-at-10.48.12-AM.png?w=177&amp;ssl=1 177w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/groundbasedspacematters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Screen-Shot-2017-10-30-at-10.48.12-AM.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 135px) 100vw, 135px\" \/>*If I recall correctly, the FAA was aiming to publish its final rule by this fall.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FAA rulemaking.\u00a0 By now* the FAA&#8217;s draft final rule for streamlining its space transportation regulations should be coming under review&#8211;if&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Space Policy 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